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Sains Malaysiana 54(9)(2025): 2277-2285
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2025-5409-14
Kesan Kitosan Tersinar sebagai Salutan Luaran Buah Nanas
(The Effect of
Irradiated Chitosan as an External Coating for Pineapple Fruit)
IYLIA
MAISARAH ZAINI1,2, NORSYAHIDAH MOHD HIDZIR1,2,*, RATNA SUFFHIYANNI OMAR1,2,
SYAZWANI MOHD FADZIL1,2 & MOHD IDZAT IDRIS1,2
1Nuclear Technology Research Centre, Faculty
of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
Received: 7
February 2025/Accepted: 11 July 2025
ABSTRAK
Malaysia mempunyai kawasan penanaman nanas yang luas, menyumbang kepada 1.06% daripada pengeluaran nanas dunia. Jenis nanas MD2 adalah yang
paling popular di Malaysia kerana kemanisan dan ciri menariknya. Namun, kerugian selepas tuaian, disebabkan oleh serangan mikrob dan perubahan iklim, boleh merencatkan pertumbuhan industri ini. Semburan kimia sintetik sering digunakan untuk melindungi nanas, tetapi ia berbahaya kepada pengguna. Oleh itu, salutan boleh dimakan berasaskan kitosan, yang mempunyai sifat antimikrob dan antioksidan, dianggap sebagai alternatif yang terbaik. Kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengkaji kesan salutan kitosan yang disinari ke atas jangka hayat buah nanas. Larutan kitosan yang tidak disinari dan disinari (dos 10 -
30 kGy) digunakan untuk menyalut bahagian luar buah nanas melalui teknik salutan semburan. Kesan fizikal dan kimia diuji termasuk pengukuran perubahan berat, skala warna dan keperangan, nilai pH
dan kandungan gula buah nanas sepanjang 30 hari penyimpanan. Hasil kajian mendapati salutan kitosan yang disinarkan berkesan dalam memanjangkan jangka hayat buah nanas serta dapat menjaga kualiti buah nanas. Buah nanas yang disalut kitosan menunjukkan perubahan peningkatan indeks warna yang perlahan dan tiada kesan keperangan pada isi buah (kekal pada skala 0) berbanding dengan kawalan (skala 3). Nilai pH pula didapati berada pada julat 3.4 hingga 5.8. Untuk semua nanas yang disalut kitosan yang disinari, terdapat peningkatan ketara dalam kandungan gula semasa penyimpanan, terutamanya bagi dos 15 kGy (15.8%). Kesimpulannya, penggunaan salutan kitosan tersinar boleh memanjangkan jangka hayat serta dapat menjaga kualiti buah nanas.
Kata kunci: Nanas; sinaran; kitosan; jangka-hayat
Abstract
Malaysia
has a large pineapple cultivation area, contributing 1.06% of the world’s
pineapple production. The MD2 pineapple variety is the most popular in Malaysia
due to its sweetness and attractive characteristics. However, post-harvest
losses, due to microbial attack and climate change, can hinder the growth of
this industry. Synthetic chemical sprays are often used to protect pineapples,
but they are harmful to consumers. Therefore, chitosan-based edible coatings,
which have antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, are considered a good
alternative. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of irradiated
chitosan coatings on the shelf-life of pineapple. Non-irradiated and irradiated
chitosan solutions (dose 10-30 kGy) were used to coat
the outer surface of pineapple via spray coating technique. The physical and
chemical effects were tested including measurement of weight change, color and browning scale, pH value and sugar content of pineapple over 30
days of storage. The results of the study found that irradiated chitosan
coating was effective in extending the shelf-life and maintaining the quality
of pineapples. Pineapples coated with chitosan showed a slow increase in color index, and no browning effect on the fruit flesh
(remained at scale 0) compared to the control (scale 3). The pH-value was found
to be in the range of 3.4 to 5.8. For all irradiated chitosan-coated
pineapples, there was a significant increase in sugar content during storage,
especially for the 15 kGy dose (15.8%). In conclusion,
the used of irradiated chitosan coating can extend the shelf-life and maintain
the quality of pineapples.
Keywords:
Pineapple; radiation; chitosan; shelf-life
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